انجمن جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی ایران توسعه فضاهای پیراشهری 2676-4164 7 2 2025 07 23 Journal cover جلد مجله 227541 FA Journal Article 2025 08 23 https://www.jpusd.ir/article_227541_94ca395e0c161a0c06530a21e067ab08.pdf

انجمن جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی ایران توسعه فضاهای پیراشهری 2676-4164 7 2 2025 06 22 Explaining the Formation of Luxury Spaces in Tehran's Peri-Urban Areas (Case study: Lavasanat region) تبیین شکل‌گیری فضاهای اعیانی در مناطق پیراشهری تهران (موردمطالعه: منطقه لواسانات) 1 28 223510 10.22034/jpusd.2025.519117.1342 FA مرتضی رضازاده دانشجوی دکتری، جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشکده علوم جغرافیایی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران. 0000-0001-7602-2589 احمد زنگانه دانشیار، گروه جغرافیای انسانی، دانشکده علوم جغرافیایی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران. 0000-0002-5540-2985 تاج الدین کرمی استادیار، گروه جغرافیای انسانی، دانشکده علوم جغرافیایی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران. 0000-0002-2586-3289 محمد سلیمانی مهرنجانی استاد، گروه جغرافیای انسانی، دانشکده علوم جغرافیایی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران. 0000-0001-5654-8356 عامر نیک پور دانشیار، گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشکده علوم انسانی و اجتماعی، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر، ایران. 0000-0003-2839-4526 Journal Article 2025 04 25 Introduction In recent decades, the peri-urban areas of Tehran have witnessed the emergence of luxury spaces that have caused significant changes in the social, economic, and physical structures of these regions. This study aims to explain the formation of luxury spaces in Tehran's peri-urban areas, particularly in the Lavasanat district, by examining the factors contributing to this phenomenon. The formation and development of luxury spaces in the peri-urban areas of metropolitan Tehran, especially in Lavasanat, pose serious challenges for urban decision-makers and planners. Given the lack of studies and research in this field and the insufficient understanding of the unique conditions and nature of dealing with the phenomenon of luxury spaces, we set out to conduct a spatial analysis of the process of 'gentrification' in the Lavasanat region to gain adequate knowledge, insight, and understanding to address the research questions. Methodology The research method is descriptive-analytical, and the data used is a combination of qualitative and quantitative information collected from various sources, including library studies, interviews with residents and urban experts, and spatial data (satellite imagery). The study area is the Lavasanat district in Shemiranat County, Tehran Province. The analysis methods include qualitative content analysis and the analysis of satellite images using various indices, including NDVI. Results and discussion The research findings, analyzed on three levels—including interviews, satellite imagery, and physical-spatial transformations—indicate that Lavasanat has transformed from a traditional summer resort area into a stratified space with residential-recreational functions catering to the affluent class. According to the results, the main initial attractions for investment in the Lavasanat region were its proximity to Tehran (with only a 40-minute commute to the city center), unspoiled nature, and clean air. However, NDVI analysis reveals that between 2000 and 2025, 35% of the vegetation cover has been lost due to construction activities. Furthermore, it was found that economic factors such as the role of large-scale investments (e.g., luxury residential complexes with amenities such as swimming pools and 24/7 security), inflation (land being considered a safe asset), and banking policies (such as low-interest loans in the 2000s) have significantly contributed to rising prices and facilitated rapid and unregulated development in the area. These are identified as key drivers behind the physical-spatial transformation of affluent zones in Lavasanat. The spatial-physical analysis of elite residential developments also highlights striking changes in land use and architectural patterns over time. The results show that in 2000, vegetation—especially along river valleys and mountainous slopes—was predominant. Over time, especially around the city of Lavasan and neighboring villages, urban development has increased while vegetation has significantly declined. Architectural and facade-related analyses revealed that village structures were once composed of one- or two-story houses made from local materials with simple exteriors. Over time, the use of modern materials such as brick and cement became widespread, and houses began to feature large windows and more complex facades. In recent years, architecture has shifted toward luxurious villas with modern or neoclassical designs, using premium materials. These villas are typically built on large plots, spaced apart, and include amenities such as pools, saunas, and private green spaces. In terms of urban patterns, the Lavasanat region has transitioned from an organic, traditional fabric toward a more scattered and planned form of development. The expansion of affluent villas in elevated and mountainous areas, along with the emphasis on privacy and natural views, is a notable aspect of this change. The garden-city style and preservation of vegetation in villa designs—especially in villages like Afjeh and the city of Lavasan—are also evident. Ultimately, the spatial-physical pattern of the Lavasanat region can be described as a hybrid of traditional rural living and modern urban life. Conclusion This study, by examining the formation process of affluent spaces in the Lavasanat region of Tehran, reveals that this phenomenon is the result of a complex interaction of economic, geographical, social, and political factors. According to the findings, the broader consequences of elite-oriented development in the Lavasanat area include environmental degradation through construction along riverbanks and within forest zones (often in violation of environmental regulations), social stratification marked by the displacement of local residents due to rising land prices, and the transformation of traditional livelihoods (such as agriculture) into villa-related service jobs (e.g., luxury restaurants). Additionally, the architectural landscape has shifted from single-story homes made with local materials to large, multi-story villas. Therefore, weak oversight, economic dualism, and conflicts of interest emerge as some of the most significant outcomes and challenges associated with the development of affluent spaces in Lavasanat. As a result, this study recommends that urban planners and policymakers address these issues by implementing stricter regulations and promoting balanced development in order to prevent further exacerbation of these challenges. Funding According to the responsible author, this article has no financial support Authors’ Contribution Authors contributed equally to the conceptualization and writing of the article. All of the authors approved thecontent of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work declaration of competing interest none. Conflict of Interest Authors declared no conflict of interest. Acknowledgments We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper. مطالعه فضاهای اعیانی در مناطق پیرامونی شهرهای بزرگ، به یکی از موضوعات محوری در مطالعات شهری تبدیل‌شده است. این پژوهش باهدف تبیین شکل‌گیری فضاهای اعیانی در مناطق پیراشهری منطقه لواسانات تهران، به بررسی عوامل مؤثر در این پدیده می‌پردازد. روش تحقیق، توصیفی-تحلیلی است. داده‌های مورداستفاده از منابع مختلف شامل مطالعات کتابخانه‌ای، مصاحبه با ساکنان و متخصصان شهری و تصاویر ماهواره‌ای جمع‌آوری‌شده است. روش تجزیه‌وتحلیل شامل تحلیل کیفی مضمون و تحلیل تصاویر ماهواره‌ای با شاخص‌های مختلف ازجمله NDVI و طبقه‌بندی کاربری‌ها بوده است. یافته‌های پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که افزایش قیمت زمین در مرکز شهر تهران، تمایل طبقات مرفه به زندگی در محیط‌های طبیعی و آرام، توسعه زیرساخت‌های حمل‌ونقل، مصرف متظاهرانه و سیاست‌های مدیریت شهری در ارتباط با فضاسازی اعیانی، در شکل‌گیری فضاهای اعیانی نقش داشته‌اند. این روند، پیامدهایی ازجمله: تغییر بافت اجتماعی منطقه، افزایش نابرابری فضایی، تخریب محیط‌زیست، توسعه فیزیکی سریع شهر به سمت پیرامون ازجمله دامنه کوه‌ها و داخل حوزه روددره‌ها و کاهش دسترسی گروه‌های کم‌درآمد به زمین و مسکن داشته است. همچنین شاخص NDVI نشان می‌دهد که به‌مرورزمان از میزان پوشش گیاهی کاسته شده و به حجم ساخت‌وسازها افزوده‌شده است. نتایج حاصل از تجزیه‌وتحلیل ساختار کالبدی- فضایی نیز نشان می‌دهد که شهرها و روستاهای منطقه لواسانات با عناصر جدیدی ازجمله شبکه‌های عبور و مرور، کاربری‌های خدماتی، گردشگری و تفریحی مواجه است. درنتیجه، این پژوهش پیشنهاد می‌کند که برنامه‌ریزان و سیاست‌گذاران شهری با تدوین قوانین سخت‌گیرانه‌تر و توجه به توسعه متوازن، از تشدید این چالش‌ها جلوگیری کنند.

https://www.jpusd.ir/article_223510_d6c873fce6e4221509348c5c5fa0a57d.pdf

انجمن جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی ایران توسعه فضاهای پیراشهری 2676-4164 7 2 2025 06 22 Scientometric analysis of the consequences of land use change on sustainable development in peri-urban areas تحلیل علم‌سنجی پیامدهای تغییر کاربری اراضی بر توسعه پایدار نواحی پیراشهری 29 52 215278 10.22034/jpusd.2025.499923.1332 FA ناصر شفیعی ثابت دانشیار، گروه جغرافیای انسانی و آمایش، دانشکده علوم زمین، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران 0000-0003-3444-6652 فائزه ابراهیمی پور دانشجوی دکتری، گروه جغرافیای انسانی و آمایش، دانشکده علوم زمین، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران 0009-0003-5663-204X Journal Article 2025 01 14 Introduction Land use change significantly affects global climate change, resource management, and sustainability. In recent decades, human activities related to rapid population growth and socio-economic development have led to land use degradation worldwide. In this regard, the optimal use of land to achieve the goals of increasing economic benefits and the value of ecosystem services is of great importance for sustainability. The main objective of this research is to conduct a scientometric analysis of articles related to the impacts of land use change on the sustainable development of peri-urban areas. This analysis allows us to identify the trend of article production, the role of key players in this field, popular topics, and future research directions. With this information, we can gain a better understanding of the current state of research in this area and predict future research directions. The results of this research can help policymakers and urban planners to make better and evidence-based decisions for the sustainable management of peri-urban areas. Methodology In this research, utilizing a literature review approach and the knowledge network analysis methodology, the related articles on the consequences of land use change on the sustainable development of peri-urban areas have been systematically investigated. The research method of this study is based on a three-level protocol of data set arrangement, monitoring, and analysis. The literature review of the subject area was retrieved using the search phrase "topic" and through successive searches with the help of the authors, the search formula was developed within the framework of UR = (Urban Expansion); LU = (Peri-Urban Land Use Change); and SD = (Sustainable Development). The search criteria were limited to the time period between the years 1997 and 2024 at the global level, and in Iran from 2014-2024, the research time was selected and collected. After initial screening based on titles and abstracts, 509 international articles and 14 Iranian articles were selected. These articles were analyzed using VOSviewer software and the "strength of association" method, for co-authorship and co-occurrence analysis of keywords. Results and discussion The research findings indicate that Mariama's writings on the consequences of land use change for the sustainable development of peri-urban areas, within the framework of 3 fundamental keywords, showed the 10 most cited scientific publications in this field. This suggests that these individuals and scientific publications have greatly contributed to a deeper understanding of this phenomenon and its consequences. In Iran, the writings of researchers such as Azizi show the The most numerous scientific publications in the field of the consequences of land use change for the sustainable development of peri-urban areas. Among the countries active in publishing research in this subject area, China, with (311) documents; followed by the United States with (63) documents; India with (48) documents; the United Kingdom with (26) documents; Japan with (23) documents; and Germany with (21) documents had the highest number of publications of scientific documents in this field. In Iran, the distribution of active countries based on the number of published scientific documents shows that in the subject area with 13 publications, followed by Australia and the United States with 2 studies, had the highest number of publications of scientific documents. The results of this research, by reviewing the background, show that the present topic is new compared to previous domestic and foreign studies, and other studies have examined each of the dimensions separately. Among these studies, which were conducted using scientometric methods in 2020; is the research of Zi et al. (2020) on the topic of Land Management and Use: A Scientometric Review. Based on this necessity, it is worth mentioning that the present subject area is a valuable and necessary reference for future research on the consequences of land use change for the sustainable development of peri-urban areas, which has become a very valuable topic. Conclusion The results indicate that the consequences of land use change on the sustainable development of peri-urban areas were weakly investigated until 2013. Since 2014, due to this thematic area in a large number of countries around the world, including Iran, due to the detrimental effects it has had on the environmental dimension, it has led to numerous concerns that have attracted the attention of researchers in various fields of environmental science, geography, and social sciences. In Iran, since 2014, research related to the present research topic has been examined. Currently, many researchers use scientometric analysis in various fields such as agriculture, ecology, and geography. Funding According to the responsible author, this article has no financial support Authors’ Contribution Authors contributed equally to the conceptualization and writing of the article. All of the authors approved thecontent of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work declaration of competing interest none. Conflict of Interest Authors declared no conflict of interest. Acknowledgments We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper. تغییر کاربری زمین مبنایی اساسی برای حمایت از پیشرفت اقتصادی جامعه بشری است و تغییرات درون آن به‌شدت بر توسعه پایدار تأثیر می‌گذارد. این مطالعه باهدف تحلیل روند انتشار و انجام یک تحلیل علم‌سنجی از اثرات تغییر کاربری زمین‌بر توسعه پایدار مناطق پیرا‌شهری انجام شد. پژوهشگران پرشماری در این زمینه مطالعات بنیادی انجام دادهاند. بااین‌حال، ارزیابی جامع از دستاوردهای تحقیقاتی آن‌ها وجود ندارد. برای رفع این شکاف، این مطالعه به بررسی 509 مقاله جهانی منتشرشده به زبان انگلیسی بین سال‌های 1997 تا 2024 در پایگاه‌داده اسکوپوس، به همراه 14 مقاله ایرانی منتشر شده بین سال‌های 2014 تا 2024 می‌پردازد. نرم‌افزار VOSviewer برای تحلیل هم استناد، هم نویسندگی و هم‌نویسی استفاده شد. شبکه‌های وقوع در پژوهشهای پیشین تغییر کاربری زمین روند زمانی انتشارات نشان‌دهنده تمرکز فزاینده بر این موضوع در جامعه دانشگاهی است. تجزیه‌وتحلیل توزیع خوشه‌ای مؤسسات تحقیقاتی نشان‌دهنده شکل‌گیری شبکههای تحقیقاتی بین کشورهای توسعه‌یافته و درحال‌توسعه است. کشورهای توسعه‌یافته در این شبکه‌ها جایگاه مرکزی دارند، اما همکاری بین آن‌ها برجسته نیست. یافتههای هم نویسندگی نشان داد که در بین کشورهای فعال، چین و ایالات‌متحده بیشترین تعداد انتشارات علمی رادارند. در مقیاس جهانی، یافته‌های تجزیه‌وتحلیل هم‌زمان، خوشه‌های چهارکلمه‌ای را نشان داد که موضوعات پژوهشی نوظهوری مانند گسترش شهری، توسعه پایدار و کاربری زمین را نشان می‌دهد. تجسم جغرافیایی موضوعهای کلیدی در پژوهشهای مرتبط با ایران، گسترش شهری، کاربری زمین، تغییر کاربری اراضی و سنجش‌ازدور را برجسته کرد. گرایش‌های بین‌رشته‌ای نشان‌دهنده همگرایی بین جغرافیا، علوم اجتماعی، علوم زمین و علوم محیطی است.

https://www.jpusd.ir/article_215278_7d8c6e92d5788b23d17d882ccfd51efa.pdf

انجمن جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی ایران توسعه فضاهای پیراشهری 2676-4164 7 2 2025 06 22 Explaining the Development Drivers of Peri-Urban Areas for Scenario Planning of a Development Pattern (Case Study: Eslamshahr County) تبیین پیشران‌های توسعه فضاهای پیراشهری به منظور سناریو‌سازی الگوی توسعه مورد مطالعه: شهرستان اسلامشهر 53 78 223503 10.22034/jpusd.2025.487635.1322 FA علیرضا ابراهیم پور گروه شهرسازی، واحد تهران شمال، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران. شیما دادفر گروه شهرسازی، واحد تهران شمال، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران. حمیدرضا صباغی گروه شهرسازی، واحد تهران شمال، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران. محمدرضا فرزاد بهتاش گروه شهرسازی، واحد تهران شمال، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران. Journal Article 2024 11 07 Introduction To steer the city towards sustainable development, understanding the pattern of physical-space development in cities and having knowledge of the ensuing spatial developments in their surroundings became important considerations. Other developments, together with spatial flows, animate the space around large cities, especially rural settlements. Notable among those concerning physical and spatial developments around the metropolises are urban sprawl, environmental degradation, urban pollution, changes in the roles and functions of villages, and loss of agricultural lands. These developments can be witnessed in the surroundings of Tehran metropolis. Traceable physical-spatial transformations are apparent in various forms in the southern reaches of the metropolis and in Islamshahr city. Population growth, internal migrations, need for housing, increase in economic and industrial activities, and expansion of transport networks are some of the drivers of peri-urban development in Islamshahr city. Each of these drives, whether in isolation or in combination with others, exert some influence in their own right upon the spatial and functional structure of the city and contribute significantly towards the working of development processes. However, such development is not necessarily in a way that is coordinated and sustainable. Careful and systematic planning is needed for such development to avert negative consequences, for example, increases in pollution, decreased quality of life, and spatial inequalities (Nuri Kermani et al., 2014). Accordingly, in this article, the aim will be to analyze and identify all causes responsible for the development of urban fringes in Islamshahr city so that based upon that, the various means may be designed and proposed to attain a desired form of development. Therefore, the primary question in regard to this concern is: What drivers and key factors play a role in the development of peri-urban spaces in Islamshahr city, and how can these drivers be used to create scenarios and achieve a sustainable development model? Methodology Descriptive-analytical research, on-the-ground exploratory data analysis. The type of research data is quantitative and qualitative. This means it is mixed in terms of type. The method of data collection is library and field. The research statistical population is the total population of Islamshahr city (villages and cities) under legal boundaries according to the total general population and housing census for 2015.537,620. The sample size was determined by Cochran's formula with capacity of 384 people. The random sampling method was simple. Future research in this section will be about statistical sampling method through Delphi procedure. Data have been analyzed at several levels. The first level in the analysis of research data included descriptive statistics and T-Test. The questionnaire was analyzed by this method. At the other data level analysis, future research method has been adopted. The data analysis in this section has been conducted through Mic Mac software. Results and discussion As a result of the analysis of the conducted interviews, closeness of Islamshahr city to Tehran is the most determinant factor in the physical-spatial changes of Islamshahr city. Next are the existence of Tehran-Saveh and Islamshahr-Ahmedabad communication road, establishment of large industrial centers, and land and real estate exchange in Islamshahr city. These remaining three are quite vital for the physical changes and transformations of Islamshahr city. In what follows would be the other studied components in the list of importance. Results and processing of the above graphs revealed that eleven key factors out of the forty included the Mic Mac software as key influencing factors on future physical and spatial developments of Islamshahr city. Now the results show that within 12 uncertainties are the most important ones. Thus, based on 12 uncertainties, four different scenarios will be prepared for future physical-spatial developments of Islamshahr city. Below are the four scenarios. The first scenario is the most probable to come true, with a score of 25, in the year of horizon Islamshahr region. Characteristic of this scenario is the increase in constructing agricultural lands followed by an increase in residential and activity capacities (intermediate hypothesis) and then the activity center of machinery exhibitions in Islamshahr is followed by an increase in employment and service capacities (optimistic hypothesis); thus, two intermediate and optimistic hypotheses characterize this article. Conclusion The results of the research indicate that the city of Islamshahr is in the shadow of population and activity overflows as brought about by its proximity to the Tehran metropolis. This connection has caused the passage of the Tehran-Saveh axis for the passage of time to develop connections from which the establishment of residence and activity spots could be with respect to and adjacent to such axis. This is for purposes in which rural areas have rapidly turned into urban areas through absorption within the population outflow of the city of Tehran or have been attached to the neighboring villages, thus forming a large urban area. The Islamshahr, being a cheap land and near the Tehran city, has attracted several kinds of industries and production-workshop activities into it. These conditions still prevail, and the studied elements show that proximity to Tehran and the existence of the Tehran-Saveh axis remain important factors for the attraction of population and activity. Yet, the emergence of other parameters like dominance of residential, activity and industrial centers has thickened this situation, and a new kind of spatial organization is born here. The studied models have shown, indeed, that there are two space-generating processes and patterns in the area. The first is the model toward developing and improving the area according to the town-building and street construction agendas of planned progress and implementation of organizing plans, but the second pattern conventionally would mean that the conditions of informal settlement and environmental pollution induced by concentration of industrial activity, with each element emerging from traffic, would continue and fuel the living conditions as well as spatial organization of this region. Funding According to the responsible author, this article has no financial support Authors’ Contribution Considering that the present article is extracted from a doctoral dissertation, the contribution and role of the first author was as the supervisor, the second and third authors served as advisors, and the fourth author was the doctoral student. Conflict of Interest Authors declared no conflict of interest. Acknowledgments We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper. توسعه فضاهای پیراشهری در شهرستان اسلامشهر، به دلیل نزدیکی به کلان‌شهر تهران و افزایش جمعیت، اهمیت ویژه‌ای یافته است. برای این منظور در این پژوهش به تبیین پیشران‌های کلیدی توسعه فضاهای پیراشهری در این منطقه پرداخته‌شده است؛ به این دلیل تلاش شده است با شناسایی عوامل مؤثر بر توسعه نواحی پیراشهری در اسلامشهر، سناریوهایی برای دستیابی به الگوی توسعه پایدار ارائه شود. روش پژوهش، ترکیبی از مطالعات کیفی و کمی بوده و شامل تحلیل منابع علمی، مصاحبه‌های نیمه ساختاریافته با متخصصان و بررسی داده‌های آماری مرتبط است. در مطالعات توصیفی مشخص شد که پیشران‌های کلیدی توسعه پیراشهری در اسلامشهر شامل عوامل اقتصادی، اجتماعی، جمعیتی و زیربنایی هستند. از عوامل مهم اقتصادی می‌توان به قیمت مناسب زمین و مسکن در مقایسه با مناطق مرکزی تهران اشاره کرد. ضعف زیرساخت‌های شهری و نیاز به بهبود سیستم حمل‌ونقل عمومی از جمله چالش‌هایی است که در توسعه فضاهای پیراشهری این منطقه نقش دارند. بر اساس تحلیل‌های انجام‌شده، چندین سناریو برای آینده توسعه فضاهای پیراشهری اسلامشهر تدوین‌شده است که هدف آن دستیابی به الگوی توسعه‌ی پایدار است. سناریوی برتر افزایش ساخت‌وساز در اراضی کشاورزی و به دنبال آن افزایش ظرفیت‌های سکونتی و فعالیتی بوده است. نتایج این پژوهش می‌تواند به‌عنوان راهنمایی برای سیاست‌گذاران و مدیران شهری جهت مدیریت بهتر توسعه پیراشهری و جلوگیری از مشکلات زیست‌محیطی و اجتماعی در آینده باشد.

https://www.jpusd.ir/article_223503_f6386aeac10866783dd9e178ea865c33.pdf

انجمن جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی ایران توسعه فضاهای پیراشهری 2676-4164 7 2 2025 08 11 Analyzing the Spatio-Temporal Transformation of Land Use Around the Isfahan Metropolis with an Emphasis on Ecological Sustainability تحلیل اثرات دگردیسی مکانی-فضایی کاربری اراضی پیرامون کلانشهر اصفهان با تأکید بر پایداری اکولوژیکی 79 104 223505 10.22034/jpusd.2025.516306.1340 FA حسین طهماسبی مقدم استادیار گروه جغرافیا، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران. 0000-0002-7753-5762 اعظم بیگدلی دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران 0000-0003-3486-001X محمد امین جوادی دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران. 0000-0002-7753-5762 Journal Article Introduction In recent decades, the phenomenon of urban expansion has become one of the most critical challenges facing metropolitan and surrounding areas. As cities grow in both population and physical size, they exert increasing influence over adjacent rural areas, often resulting in a transformation of traditional land use patterns and socio-economic structures. Peri-urban areas—those transitional zones between urban cores and rural hinterlands—represent dynamic and complex spaces where urban and rural characteristics coexist and often conflict. These areas are particularly vulnerable to disorganized and unregulated development due to their ambiguous legal and administrative status. This study investigates the spatiotemporal transformations of land use in the periphery of Isfahan from 1986 to 2024, focusing on their ecological impacts. The primary research questions are: How has the land-use pattern changed over time? What are the ecological consequences of these changes? The research highlights the necessity of sustainable urban planning to mitigate environmental degradation. Methodology The study employs a descriptive-analytical and applied approach. Satellite images from Landsat (5, 7, 8, and 9) were obtained from the USGS database to analyze land-use changes. The images underwent preprocessing, including geometric and radiometric corrections. The study classified land use into five categories: built-up areas, agricultural lands, orchards, barren lands, and water bodies. The classification was performed using the Random Forest (RF) algorithm, and change detection was carried out through the Land Change Modeler (LCM) and Markov Chain modeling. The accuracy of classification was assessed using training and validation datasets, ensuring reliability in detecting temporal changes. Results and discussion Findings indicate a significant increase in built-up areas, from 25,249 hectares in 1986 to 43,593 hectares in 2024. Conversely, agricultural lands declined from 29,284 hectares to 18,218 hectares, and orchards decreased from 17,734 hectares to 10,603 hectares. Water bodies shrank dramatically from 231 hectares in 1986 to less than 60 hectares in 2024, signaling a water crisis. The results from the Markov model predict that by 2034, 44.81% of agricultural lands and 39.97% of orchards will be converted into urban areas, exacerbating ecological challenges such as rising surface temperatures, reduced soil permeability, and increased flood risk. The study underscores that without proper urban management, land degradation will persist, threatening ecological balance. Conclusion The peri-urban expansion of Isfahan illustrates a broader pattern of disorganized growth in Iranian metropolitan peripheries. The study concludes that despite the existence of multiple legal and institutional mechanisms, their fragmented implementation has failed to manage rapid and unauthorized development effectively. This has resulted in the loss of agricultural land, degradation of natural resources, and growing socio-spatial inequalities. The research calls for a rethinking of governance in peri-urban areas through integrated spatial planning, legal reform, and institutional capacity-building. Recommended actions include: (1) establishing a clear urban growth boundary for Isfahan; (2) strengthening inter-agency coordination; (3) revising land use laws to increase enforceability; and (4) promoting inclusive planning practices that involve local stakeholders. Funding There is no funding support. Authors’ Contribution Authors contributed equally to the conceptualization and writing of the article. All of the authors approved thecontent of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work declaration of competing interest none. Conflict of Interest Authors declared no conflict of interest. Acknowledgments We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper. پژوهش حاضر به بررسی تغییرات کاربری اراضی پیرامون کلان‌شهر اصفهان از سال 1365 تا 1403 و اثرات آن بر پایداری اکولوژیکی می‌پردازد. داده‌های این مطالعه شامل تصاویر ماهواره‌ای لندست و تحلیل‌های GIS بوده که با استفاده از مدل تغییر کاربری زمین (LCM)، مدل مارکوف و الگوریتم جنگل تصادفی پردازش‌شده‌اند. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که طی این دوره، مساحت اراضی ساخته‌شده از 25,249 هکتار در سال 1365 به 43,593 هکتار در سال 1403 افزایش‌یافته است، درحالی‌که اراضی زراعی از 29,284 هکتار به 18,218 هکتار و اراضی باغی از 17,734 هکتار به 10,603 هکتار کاهش‌یافته‌اند. همچنین، منابع آبی منطقه از 231 هکتار در سال 1365 به کمتر از 60 هکتار در سال 1403 رسیده است که نشان‌دهنده بحران آبی در منطقه است. بررسی مدل مارکوف نشان می‌دهد که تا سال 1413، اراضی ساخته‌شده همچنان روند افزایشی خواهند داشت و 81/44٪ از اراضی زراعی و 97/39٪ از اراضی باغی به مناطق شهری تبدیل خواهند شد. این تغییرات علاوه برافزایش دمای سطحی و کاهش جذب کربن، باعث کاهش نفوذپذیری خاک و افزایش خطر سیلاب خواهد شد. یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهد که بدون مداخلات مدیریتی مؤثر، روند تخریب زیست‌محیطی ادامه خواهد داشت. بنابراین، این پژوهش بر ضرورت برنامه‌ریزی پایدار برای مدیریت کاربری اراضی و حفاظت از منابع طبیعی در کلان‌شهر اصفهان تأکید دارد.

https://www.jpusd.ir/article_223505_44826167455247b1e6e3c7531ef56930.pdf

انجمن جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی ایران توسعه فضاهای پیراشهری 2676-4164 7 2 2025 06 22 Urban Agriculture as a New Approach to Providing Cultural Ecosystem Services: A Study Based on Marivan Citizens' Perceptions کشاورزی شهری و پیراشهری رویکردی نوین در عرضة خدمات فرهنگی اکوسیستمی: مطالعه‌ای بر مبنای ادراکات شهروندان مریوان 105 128 211744 10.22034/jpusd.2024.478920.1319 FA آرمان راست خدیو گروه مهندسی فضای سبز، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران 0000-0003-4714-3538 بهمن ویسی نبی کندی گروه مهندسی فضای سبز، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران 0009-0004-5878-9697 Journal Article 2024 09 16 In recent decades, with the rapid growth of urbanization and the increasing population in cities, the demand for natural resources and green spaces has significantly risen. Under these circumstances, attention to ecosystem services, particularly cultural ecosystem services, has gained prominence as a novel approach in urban environmental management. Cultural ecosystem services encompass all the benefits that humans receive from ecosystems, including cultural experiences, aesthetics, inspiration, and even social identity. Among these, urban agriculture, as an important subset of ecosystems, plays a key role in providing such services. Urban agriculture, as a modern strategy for sustainable urban development, plays a vital role in improving the urban environment and enhancing the quality of life for citizens. This type of agriculture fosters social interactions, raises environmental awareness, and promotes both physical and mental well-being. The cultural ecosystem services provided by urban agriculture include all the intangible benefits that citizens derive from agricultural activities in urban areas. These services not only involve the provision of fresh, local food but also offer positive psychological, social, and cultural impacts. Furthermore, such activities can enhance urban aesthetics and contribute to the aesthetic value of urban environments. Thus, urban agriculture and its related cultural ecosystem services play a crucial role in improving urban quality of life and increasing citizen satisfaction with their living environment. The main aim of this research is to explore the perceptions and experiences of the citizens of Marivan regarding the cultural ecosystem services of urban agriculture. By identifying and analyzing citizens' perspectives, this study seeks to better understand the role and importance of urban agriculture in providing cultural ecosystem services. Methodology This study is applied in nature and employs a descriptive-analytical approach based on quantitative data collection and analysis using a researcher-designed questionnaire. The study area focuses on urban agricultural lands and their users. The city of Marivan contains 2,799 hectares of urban and peri-urban agricultural land, indicating the region’s significant capacity for urban agriculture. Additionally, due to its clean and healthy air, Marivan is considered one of the best regions in Iran for urban and peri-urban agricultural activities. The research was conducted using an online questionnaire distributed via social media to gather valuable experiences and perceptions from Marivan citizens about the cultural ecosystem services of urban agriculture. The collected data were analyzed using structural equation modeling through the Smart-PLS software. Results and discussion The results indicated that several independent variables from the cultural ecosystem services of urban agriculture were significant. Among them, the variable of recreation and ecotourism, with a t-statistic of 6.479, was the most prominent cultural ecosystem service, based on the perceptions of Marivan citizens. This relationship was confirmed with a path coefficient of 0.349 and a significance level of 0.000 at a 99% confidence level. Additionally, the variable of cultural diversity, with a t-statistic of 5.405 and a path coefficient of 0.312 and a significance level of 0.000, was also confirmed as an important and influential factor according to citizens' perceptions. Other variables, including social relations, aesthetics, and educational aspects, had t-statistics of 3.066, 3.065, and 2.237, respectively, indicating their strong impact. However, other cultural ecosystem services variables, such as spiritual values, heritage values, and inspiration, did not have a direct or significant relationship with urban agriculture, and their path coefficients were low, resulting in the rejection of these relationships in the structural model. The findings revealed that urban agriculture has significant positive effects on cultural diversity, recreational and ecotourism services, educational aspects, aesthetic value, and social relations. These results highlight the role of urban agriculture in fostering social cohesion, creating recreational spaces, promoting public education, enhancing urban aesthetics, and strengthening social interactions. However, no significant relationship was observed between urban agriculture and the components of inspiration, cultural heritage values, and spiritual values. These findings underscore the potential of urban agriculture to contribute to urban sustainability and cultural ecosystem services. Conclusion Urban agriculture has been recognized as an important tool for urban sustainability and for alleviating pressure on natural resources. The findings of this study revealed that, in addition to its productive role, urban agriculture can positively impact cultural ecosystem services. Variables such as recreation and ecotourism, social relations, aesthetics, cultural diversity, and educational aspects were among the most influential and perceived factors based on the experiences of Marivan citizens regarding urban agriculture. Agricultural activities within urban spaces can lead to the creation of open and green spaces within cities, encouraging residents to spend their leisure time in more natural environments. By exploring the diverse perceptions of citizens concerning the cultural ecosystem services of urban agriculture, valuable insights have emerged that can play a significant role in enhancing citizen well-being and promoting sustainable urban development. Funding According to the responsible author, this article has no financial support Authors’ Contribution Authors contributed equally to the conceptualization and writing of the article. All of the authors approved thecontent of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work declaration of competing interest none. Conflict of Interest Authors declared no conflict of interest. Acknowledgments We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper. کشاورزی شهری در ایران رویکردی نوظهور است که به توسعه فضاهای سبز، تولیدات غذایی و خدمات تفریحی-رفاهی کمک شایانی می‌کند. هدف اصلی این پژوهش شناخت متغیرهای خدمات فرهنگی اکوسیستمی تأثیرگذار در کشاورزی شهری با رویکرد مشارکتی (از طریق شناخت ادراکات استفاده‏کنندگان از کاربرهای کشاورزی شهری) است. پژوهش حاضر بر اساس ماهیت و شیوة گردآوری داده‏ها، کمی و با ابزار پرسشنامه محقق‏ساخته انجام‌گرفته است. جامعه آماری شامل شهروندان استفاده‏کننده از کاربری‏های کشاورزی شهری و پیراشهری مریوان بود. حجم نمونه موردنیاز توسط فرمول کوکران 384 نفر برآورد گردید و از روش نمونه‏گیری در دسترس (توزیع پرسشنامه‏های آنلاین در شبکه‏های اجتماعی) داده‏ها جمع‏آوری شدند. داده‏های حاصله با استفاده از روش معادلات ساختاری توسط نرم‏افزار Smart-PLS تحلیل شدند. نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که کشاورزی شهری نقش قابل‌توجهی در ارائه خدمات فرهنگی اکوسیستم به شهروندان دارد. به‌طوری‌که مؤلفه‏هایی همچون تفریح و اکوتوریسم (آماره تی 47/6)، تنوع فرهنگی (آماره تی 40/5)، روابط اجتماعی (06/3 آماره تی)، زیبایی‏شناختی (آماره تی 06/3) و جنبه‏های آموزشی (آماره تی 23/2) از مهم‏ترین مؤلفه‏های تأثیرگذار و درک شده بر مبنای تجربیات شهروندان مریوان از کشاورزی شهری و پیراشهری بود. همچنین مطلوبیت مدل ساختاری پژوهش ، با ضریب تعیین (R2) 90/0 حاکی از دقت بالای مدل نظری در پیش‏بینی متغیرها بود. بنابراین کشاورزی شهری به‏عنوان یک رویکرد نوین می‏تواند به‌عنوان بستری مناسب جهت عرضة خدمات فرهنگی اکوسیستم در شهر مریوان توسعه یابد. یافته‌های مطالعه می‌تواند راهکاری مناسب برای برنامه‌ریزان شهری در جهت گسترش فضاهای کشاورزی شهری در مناطق مشابه باشد.

https://www.jpusd.ir/article_211744_c75386f516869bec7943623749df1277.pdf

انجمن جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی ایران توسعه فضاهای پیراشهری 2676-4164 7 2 2024 11 27 Spatial Analysis of Spatial Identity Indicators in Peri-urban Rural Settlements (Case Study: Villages around the Shirvan City) تحلیل فضایی شاخص‌های هویت مکانی در سکونتگاه‌های روستایی پیراشهری(مطالعه موردی: روستاهای پیرامون شهر شیروان) 129 154 210261 10.22034/jpusd.2024.470673.1316 FA علی اکبر عنابستانی استاد گروه جغرافیا وآمایش انسانی، دانشکده علوم زمین، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران. سیده پروین حسینی دانشجوی دکترای جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران. حمید شایان استاد گروه جغرافیا، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران. امید علی خوارزمی دانشیار گروه جغرافیا، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران. Journal Article 2024 07 30 Introduction Human living environment has a significant effect on human behavior and identity towards hidden values. Since identity is a set of traits and characteristics that distinguish a person or society from other people and societies; According to these criteria, the city becomes independent and independent, which ultimately makes it stable. If the concept and nature of place and space can be examined from different perspectives. In the field of philosophy, geometry, mathematics, architecture, and social sciences, the concept of place and space can be understood and recognized in special ways. Studies on the interaction of culture and place are less visible in humanities research. In these few researches, the definitions provided are different based on the nature of the academic field, intellectual frameworks, cultural and social structures, and also the goals of the researchers in the scientific fields. In this connection, rural settlements are willingly or unwillingly exposed to changes that often have an external origin and are formed outside the rural areas, and the various effects of these changes appear in the rural areas in different ways and in various contexts. The effects of these changes in the physical field have been considered under the title of physical-appearance changes, which in turn cause internal changes and even social, economic, physical and environmental changes in rural settlements. In the same direction, peri-urban areas, the most common concept and scope for an area between the fully urbanized area and the rural outskirts. Divided into two regions, urban halo (inner halo) and rural halo (outer halo). Methodology This research has been done based on the objective of the applied type and on the basis of the descriptive-analytical nature. To investigate the theoretical framework of the research, documentary and library methods were used, and field studies and questionnaire tools were used to investigate spatial identity indicators in the rural settlements of Pirashhari. According to the statistics provided by Iran Statistics Center in 2015, Shirvan city has a population of 146,125 people and 43,873 households. Of these, 89,345 people with 26,672 households live in urban areas and 56,790 people with 17,199 households live in rural areas of the city. In this research, sample villages were selected in a purposeful manner, a circle (buffer) with a radius of 10 km from the edge of the urban area of Shirvan Tarsim and a total of 15 villages inside it, excluding Ziarat and Mansouran, which form the city of Ziarat, were selected as samples. Results and discussion In the spatial distribution of the average of the research variable i.e. spatial identity at the level of the villages, the villages of Garh Zo with a figure of 111.13, Kalate Hendi with a figure of 7.870 and Mohammad Abad with a figure of 7.372 are the highest and the villages of Khanlaq, Elah Abad Sofal, Varg are respectively the lowest. It shows the statistics. The villages of Razmghan, Tensavan, Amanabad have an average higher than 6. According to the research done, the villages of Khanalaq and Elahabad Lower have weak conditions in terms of spatial identity, because the majority of the residents of Khanalaq village are among the immigrants and do not have any attachment to their place of residence and in relation to the village Lower Allahabad, although the majority of the residents of the village are considered to be natives of the region, but due to the poor livelihood and economic conditions and agriculture and animal husbandry of the village, they travel to and from Shirvan city on a daily basis to make a living and earn money, and only this village As a dormitory village, it is used by residents and natives. Conclusion The results show that the concept of spatial identity is the result of a set of indicators of comfort and mental image, emotional belonging and environmental fit, social connection and dependence, commitment and spatial connection, connection and spatial belonging, participation and solidarity, spatial and psychological security, interaction. . From the point of view of the rural respondents, the results of the t-test showed that among the indicators of spatial identity, the index of self-efficacy and continuity, respectively, with the means of (-3.014) and (-5.116) as the most important indicators of the development of spatial identity in The villages have been studied. Funding According to the responsible author, this article has no financial support Authors’ Contribution Authors contributed equally to the conceptualization and writing of the article. All of the authors approved thecontent of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work declaration of competing interest none. Conflict of Interest Authors declared no conflict of interest. Acknowledgments The current paper is extracted from the doctoral dissertation of the Second author (Seyyedeh Parvin Hosieni) in the Department of Geography, Faculty of Literature & Human Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.. سکونتگاه‌های پیراشهری مکان‌هایی هستند که در معرض تغییرات هویتی بین روستا و شهر قرار دارند، لذا مطالعه وضعیت هویت مکانی ساکنان این سکونتگاه‌ها می‌تواند بستری برای توسعه آتی آن‌ها را فراهم نماید. بنابراین، هدف پژوهش حاضر، بررسی وضع شکل‌گیری شاخص‌های هویت مکانی در سکونتگاه‌های پیراشهری شیروان است. این تحقیق بر اساس هدف از نوع کاربردی و بر اساس ماهیت، توصیفی- تحلیلی می‌باشد. برای بررسی چهارچوب نظری پژوهش از روش اسنادی و کتابخانه‌ای و جهت بررسی شاخص‌های هویت مکانی در سکونتگاه‌های روستایی پیراشهری از مطالعات میدانی و ابزار پرسشنامه استفاده گردیده است. جامعه آماری تحقیق شامل(4584) خانوار ساکن طبق بافر 10 کیلومتر در تمامی 15روستای واقع در پیرامون شهرشیروان است که با استفاده از فرمول کوکران تعداد 252خانوار به عنوان خانوارهای نمونه برآورد و به روش تصادفی مورد پرسشگری قرار گرفتند. برای تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها، از روش‌های CoCoSo ، CRITIC و جهت ترسیم نقشه‌ها از GIS و آزمون Tتک نمونه‌ای در نرم‌افزار SPSS استفاده گردیده است. یافته‌های تحقیق مؤید آن است که از میان شاخص‌های هویت مکانی(تمایز، تداوم و پیوستگی، خودکارآمدی، عزت‌نفس)، شاخص خودکارآمدی و تداوم، به ترتیب با میانگین‌های (014/3-) و(116/5-) به‌عنوان مهم‌ترین شاخص‌های رشد هویت مکانی در روستاهای موردمطالعه بوده‌اند درنهایت نتایج تحلیل فضایی نشان می‌دهد به لحاظ برخورداری از شاخص‌های هویت مکانی روستاهای گره زو، کلاته‌هندی و محمدآباد به ترتیب رتبه‌های اول تا سوم دارای بیشترین میزان رتبه و روستاهای خانلق، اله آباد سفلی و ورگ دارای کمترین رتبه به لحاظ برخورداری از شاخص‌های هویت مکانی هستند.

https://www.jpusd.ir/article_210261_b40ed32013fd79d7d9e0d02e03c67941.pdf

انجمن جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی ایران توسعه فضاهای پیراشهری 2676-4164 7 2 2025 06 25 The Role of Urban Space on Citizens' Participation in the Socio-Cultural Domain(Case Study: Urban Areas Peripheral of Bojnourd) بررسی نقش فضای شهری بر مشارکت شهروندان در حوزه اجتماعی ـ فرهنگی(مورد مطالعه: مناطق پیراشهری بجنورد) 155 178 223504 10.22034/jpusd.2025.511067.1336 FA جواد شجاعی دانشجوی دکتری گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، واحد شیروان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شیروان، ایران. 0000-0003-4264-9695 رمضانعلی نادری مایوان استادیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشگاه کوثر بجنورد، بجنورد، ایران. 0000-0003-3467-8584 فرزاد قادری بافتی استادیار گروه مدیریت ساخت، واحد شیروان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شیروان، ایران. 0000-0002-5334-5331 Journal Article 2025 03 07 Introduction " Today, attention to local communities and participatory planning in urban management has gained special significance, and citizen participation in urban affairs has become one of the main concerns of city officials. Based on the aforementioned, it appears that the level of citizen participation and engagement has a direct correlation with their satisfaction regarding the environment, facilities, and characteristics of these spaces. The availability of amenities and services for citizens—such as transportation, roads and streets, urban green spaces, a sense of security, aesthetically pleasing visuals, and so on—can foster greater participation, presence, and social interactions among them. The necessity of this is strongly felt in Bojnourd, the capital of North Khorasan Province. Over the past two decades, Bojnourd has undergone significant transformation, particularly at the neighborhood level, due to its shift in political status from a county center to a provincial capital. However, no fundamental assessment has been conducted in this regard. Given that citizen participation is a key principle of sustainability and democracy in urban societies, evaluating participation levels and addressing barriers to participatory planning will undoubtedly be crucial for such cities, facilitating smoother and faster resolution of urban challenges. Bojnourd has struggled to achieve appropriate development due to a lack of understanding of its potentials, capabilities, and available resources, as well as the failure to systematically identify problems and prioritize urban development challenges. Additionally, its elevated political status (from county to provincial capital over the past decade), along with its economic, occupational (due to provincial centrality), and social dynamics (the presence of diverse ethnic groups in the province), has led to a high population concentration compared to neighboring cities. This has resulted in significant environmental, social, and economic challenges, including marginalization, a lack of cooperation between citizens and urban managers, mutual distrust between municipal authorities and citizens, and inter-ethnic distrust among suburban residents. Furthermore, the city faces constraints such as horizontal urban expansion, physical disorganization, the existence of development plans (comprehensive and detailed plans), and the absence of participatory frameworks. Given the increasing social and cultural anomalies and challenges in Bojnourd’s suburban areas, the necessity of leveraging social components—such as socio-cultural participation—to mitigate the adverse effects of these issues in the city and its peripheries is evident. Therefore, this study seeks to develop a comprehensive model of the impact of urban spaces on socio-cultural participation in Bojnourd’s suburban areas, clarifying the prerequisites and challenges of participation. By providing a holistic picture of all variables influencing citizen participation, it aims to facilitate the realization of elevated actions in socio-cultural participation. Additionally, through proposed measures for improving suburban spaces, it intends to familiarize stakeholders and enthusiasts with the multifaceted and interconnected dimensions of this issue. Thus, the present research seeks to answer the following questions: What is the status of citizen participation in the socio-cultural sphere in Bojnourd? What is the relationship between citizen participation in the socio-cultural sphere and the component of urban spaces in Bojnourd? Methodology The study is applied in purpose, quantitative in approach, and descriptive-analytical in method. The statistical population consists of Bojnourd residents (228,931 people), with a sample size of 384 determined using Cochran's formula and random sampling. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS software. Results and discussion The results indicated that citizen participation in the indices (satisfaction with socio-cultural participation with a mean of 2.14, intercultural interaction with a mean of 2.17, participation in sustainable development programs with a mean of 2.22, and use of cultural media with a mean of 2.44) was assessed as unfavorable, while other indices were rated as below average. Pearson correlation analysis revealed a significant positive relationship (at a 99% confidence level) between all dependent and independent variables (urban spaces). Finally, path analysis results showed that the component of "urban aesthetics and design" had the highest impact, with a direct effect of 0.188 and an indirect effect of 0.050, while the "socio-cultural" component had the lowest impact, with a direct effect of 0.154 and an indirect effect of 0.033 on citizens' participation levels. Conclusion The results of this study indicate that citizen participation in indicators of satisfaction with social and cultural engagement, intercultural interaction, participation in sustainable development programs, and the use of cultural media is at an undesirable level, while other indicators are also evaluated as below average. Data analysis using Pearson’s correlation test confirms that there is a positive and significant relationship between all indicators of citizen participation and urban spaces at a 99% confidence level. Additionally, the path analysis results reveal that the aesthetic and urban design component has the greatest impact (total effect: 0.238), while the social and cultural component has the least impact (total effect: 0.187) on citizen participation. These findings emphasize the necessity of improving the quality of urban spaces, particularly from an aesthetic and design perspective, as a key factor in enhancing citizens’ social and cultural participation. Funding According to the responsible author, this article has no financial support Authors’ Contribution Authors contributed equally to the conceptualization and writing of the article. All of the authors approved thecontent of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work declaration of competing interest none. Conflict of Interest Authors declared no conflict of interest. Acknowledgments We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper. امروزه توجه به اجتماعات محلی و برنامهریزی مشارکتی در مدیریت شهری، جایگاه ویژهای یافته و مشارکت شهروندان در امور شهری به یکی از دغدغههای اصلی مدیران شهری مبدل شده است. در این راستا هدف پژوهش با هدف نقش فضای شهری بر مشارکت شهروندان در حوزه اجتماعی-فرهنگی در مناطق پیراشهری بجنورد، میباشد.پژوهش حاضر به لحاظ هدف، کاربردی و رویکرد آن کمی و از نظر روش توصیفی و تحلیلی است. جامعه آماری تحقیق حاضر ساکنین بجنورد (228931 نفر) میباشند که بر اساس فرمول کوکران و نمونهگیری تصادفی تعداد 384 نفر به‌عنوان حجم نمونه تعیین شد. به منظور تجزیه‌وتحلیل اطلاعات از نرمافزار SPSS استفاده‌شده است. نتایج نشان داد، مشارکت شهروندان در شاخصهای (رضایت از مشارکت اجتماعی و فرهنگی با مقدار میانگین 14/2، تعامل بین فرهنگی با مقدار میانگین 17/2، مشارکت در برنامههای توسعه پایدار با مقدار میانگین 22/2 و استفاده از رسانههای فرهنگی با مقدار میانگین 44/2)، نامطلوب ارزیابی شد و در سایر شاخصها متوسط رو به پایین ارزیابی شدند. نتایج آزمون همبستگی پیرسون نشان داد که بین تمام شاخصهای مستقل وابسته با متغیر مستقل (فضاهای شهری) رابطه مثبت و معنیداری در سطح اطمینان 99 درصد وجود دارد. در نهایت بر اساس نتایج تحلیل مسیر، مؤلفه (زیباشناسی و طراحی شهری) با مقدار اثر مستقیم 188/0 و اثر غیرمستقیم 050/0، بیشترین تأثیرگذاری و مؤلفه (اجتماعی و فرهنگی) با مقدار اثر مستقیم 154/0 و مقدار اثر غیرمستقیم 033/0، کمترین میزان تأثیرگذاری در میزان مشارکت شهروندان به خود اختصاص دادهاند.

https://www.jpusd.ir/article_223504_029c39d9a74b8f4a84d011080ac1bcf9.pdf

انجمن جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی ایران توسعه فضاهای پیراشهری 2676-4164 7 2 2025 08 17 Explaining the Role of Information Technology in the Development of Agri-tourism in Tehran’s Peri-urban Areas تبیین نقش فناوری اطلاعات در توسعه گردشگری کشاورزی فضاهای پیراشهری تهران 179 206 226604 10.22034/jpusd.2025.533161.1351 FA سعید حیدری نیا دانش آموخته دکتری، گروه جغرافیای انسانی، دانشکده علوم جغرافیایی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران. 0000-0002-2585-5799 مصطفی محمدی دانشیار مدیریت جهانگردی، گروه صنایع‌دستی، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر، ایران 0000-0001-5654-9156 سیروس حجت شمامی دانش آموخته دکتری، گروه جغرافیای انسانی، دانشکده علوم جغرافیایی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران. 0009-0006-1402-4996 Journal Article 2024 09 05 Introduction Agri-tourism, as a novel and sustainable branch of the tourism industry, emphasizing the integration of agricultural activities, nature-based experiences, and cultural interactions, has become a key tool for the sustainable development of peri-urban areas. Information and Communication Technology (ICT), by offering tools such as digital platforms, social media, online booking systems, and new technologies like the Internet of Things (IoT) and Augmented Reality (AR), plays a transformative role in improving accessibility, marketing, and resource management for this type of tourism. The peri-urban areas of Tehran metropolis, especially Shahriar County, with their vast gardens and fertile farms, possess high potential for agri-tourism development. However, challenges such as a lack of digital infrastructure, insufficient skills, and initial costs have hindered the full utilization of these capacities. This research aims to investigate the role of information technology in the development of agri-tourism in Shahriar County, analyzing the impacts of this technology on environmental, economic, institutional, infrastructural, and technological factors, and providing solutions to overcome obstacles and strengthen this industry. Methodology The current research is descriptive-analytical and applied in nature. Data were collected through documentary studies (library resources, domestic and international articles) and a survey method based on a questionnaire. A structured questionnaire, based on a Likert scale (very high to very low), was designed and administered to a statistical population of 168 local activists, executive body employees, and private sector individuals in Shahriar County. Sampling was conducted using a judgmental (purposive) approach. Non-parametric tests (binomial, Kruskal-Wallis, and Friedman) and SPSS, Excel, and Arc GIS software were used for data analysis. The reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed by Cronbach’s Alpha and composite reliability (above 0.7), and the non-normality of data distribution was identified using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Results and discussion The research results indicated that information technology has a significant impact on the development of agri-tourism in the peri-urban areas of Tehran. According to the Friedman test, the indicators “business development” (mean rank 31.20), “job creation” (30.90), and “increase and diversification of income” (30.83) had the highest impact, respectively. In the environmental dimension, “biodiversity and ecosystem protection” (mean 3.246) showed the most impact. In the economic dimension, “increase and diversification of income” (mean 4.636) was prominent, and in the institutional dimension, “collaboration between institutions” (mean 4.126) played a key role. Among infrastructural factors, “internet access speed” (mean 4.345) and among technological factors, “strengthening startups and smart businesses” (mean 4.298) had the most impact. The Kruskal-Wallis test confirmed a significant difference between various factors, such that technological factors had a more indirect effect and environmental factors had a more direct effect. These findings are consistent with previous studies such as Shirmohammadi and Alipour (1403), who attributed a 25% increase in farm visits to social media, and Sigala (2022), who emphasized the importance of digital infrastructure. However, challenges such as a lack of high-speed internet, insufficient digital skills, and initial costs have limited the full utilization of technology. Conclusion Information technology, by improving marketing, accessibility, and resource management, is an effective tool for the development of agri-tourism in the peri-urban areas of Tehran, especially Shahriar County. This technology, by creating digital platforms, strengthening the local economy, and enhancing tourist experiences, contributes to achieving sustainable development goals. However, the success of this process depends on overcoming obstacles such as a lack of digital infrastructure and insufficient skills. Research recommendations include investment in high-speed internet, digital education for local communities, providing subsidies to reduce initial costs, fostering inter-sectoral partnerships, and supporting technology startups. These measures can transform Shahriar County into a prominent destination for agri-tourism and ensure the economic, social, and environmental development of the region. Funding According to the responsible author, this article has no financial support Authors’ Contribution Authors contributed equally to the conceptualization and writing of the article. All of the authors approved thecontent of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work declaration of competing interest none. Conflict of Interest Authors declared no conflict of interest. Acknowledgments We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper. گردشگری کشاورزی، به‌عنوان یکی از اشکال نوین گردشگری، با تلفیق فعالیت‌های کشاورزی و تجربه‌های طبیعت‌محور، نقش مهمی در توسعه پایدار نواحی پیراشهری ایفا می‌کند. این پژوهش با هدف بررسی نقش فناوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات (ICT) در توسعه گردشگری کشاورزی در نواحی پیراشهری کلانشهر تهران، به‌ویژه شهرستان شهریار، انجام شده است. مطالعه حاضر تأثیرات این فناوری را بر عوامل محیطی، اقتصادی، نهادی، زیرساختی و فناورانه مورد تحلیل قرار داده است. روش پژوهش از نوع توصیفی-تحلیلی و کاربردی بوده و داده‌ها از طریق مطالعات اسنادی و توزیع پرسشنامه مبتنی بر طیف لیکرت جمع‌آوری شده است. جامعه آماری شامل 168 نفر از فعالان محلی، کارکنان اجرایی و بخش خصوصی بوده و داده‌ها با استفاده از آزمون‌های ناپارامتریک (دو‌جمله‌ای، کروسکال‌-والیس و فریدمن) و نرم‌افزارهای SPSS، Excel و ArcGIS تحلیل شده‌اند. نتایج پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که فناوری اطلاعات با بهبود فرآیندهای بازاریابی، افزایش دسترسی به اطلاعات، ارتقای آموزش و بهینه‌سازی مدیریت منابع، تأثیر معناداری بر توسعه گردشگری کشاورزی دارد. شاخص‌های «توسعه کسب‌وکارهای محلی»، «ایجاد فرصت‌های شغلی» و «افزایش درآمد» به‌ترتیب بالاترین تأثیر را داشته‌اند. با این حال، موانعی نظیر کمبود زیرساخت‌های دیجیتال، ناکافی بودن مهارت‌های فنی در میان فعالان و هزینه‌های اولیه بالا، بهره‌گیری کامل از ظرفیت‌های فناوری اطلاعات را محدود کرده است. این پژوهش پیشنهاد می‌دهد که با سرمایه‌گذاری در توسعه زیرساخت‌های دیجیتال، ارائه برنامه‌های آموزشی هدفمند برای جوامع محلی و ارائه حمایت‌های مالی، می‌توان ظرفیت‌های گردشگری کشاورزی را در نواحی پیراشهری تهران به‌طور مؤثرتری بهره‌برداری کرد. این اقدامات می‌توانند به رشد اقتصادی پایدار، حفاظت از محیط‌زیست و تقویت فرهنگ بومی کمک کنند و گردشگری کشاورزی را به‌عنوان یک راهبرد کلیدی برای توسعه پایدار این مناطق تثبیت کنند.

https://www.jpusd.ir/article_226604_6b0eec6b792f49bcc527cd4a46e6c084.pdf