Introduction
Human living environment has a significant effect on human behavior and identity towards hidden values. Since identity is a set of traits and characteristics that distinguish a person or society from other people and societies; According to these criteria, the city becomes independent and independent, which ultimately makes it stable. If the concept and nature of place and space can be examined from different perspectives. In the field of philosophy, geometry, mathematics, architecture, and social sciences, the concept of place and space can be understood and recognized in special ways. Studies on the interaction of culture and place are less visible in humanities research. In these few researches, the definitions provided are different based on the nature of the academic field, intellectual frameworks, cultural and social structures, and also the goals of the researchers in the scientific fields.
In this connection, rural settlements are willingly or unwillingly exposed to changes that often have an external origin and are formed outside the rural areas, and the various effects of these changes appear in the rural areas in different ways and in various contexts. The effects of these changes in the physical field have been considered under the title of physical-appearance changes, which in turn cause internal changes and even social, economic, physical and environmental changes in rural settlements. In the same direction, peri-urban areas, the most common concept and scope for an area between the fully urbanized area and the rural outskirts. Divided into two regions, urban halo (inner halo) and rural halo (outer halo).
 
Methodology
This research has been done based on the objective of the applied type and on the basis of the descriptive-analytical nature. To investigate the theoretical framework of the research, documentary and library methods were used, and field studies and questionnaire tools were used to investigate spatial identity indicators in the rural settlements of Pirashhari. According to the statistics provided by Iran Statistics Center in 2015, Shirvan city has a population of 146,125 people and 43,873 households. Of these, 89,345 people with 26,672 households live in urban areas and 56,790 people with 17,199 households live in rural areas of the city. In this research, sample villages were selected in a purposeful manner, a circle (buffer) with a radius of 10 km from the edge of the urban area of Shirvan Tarsim and a total of 15 villages inside it, excluding Ziarat and Mansouran, which form the city of Ziarat, were selected as samples.
 
Results and discussion
In the spatial distribution of the average of the research variable i.e. spatial identity at the level of the villages, the villages of Garh Zo with a figure of 111.13, Kalate Hendi with a figure of 7.870 and Mohammad Abad with a figure of 7.372 are the highest and the villages of Khanlaq, Elah Abad Sofal, Varg are respectively the lowest. It shows the statistics. The villages of Razmghan, Tensavan, Amanabad have an average higher than 6. According to the research done, the villages of Khanalaq and Elahabad Lower have weak conditions in terms of spatial identity, because the majority of the residents of Khanalaq village are among the immigrants and do not have any attachment to their place of residence and in relation to the village Lower Allahabad, although the majority of the residents of the village are considered to be natives of the region, but due to the poor livelihood and economic conditions and agriculture and animal husbandry of the village, they travel to and from Shirvan city on a daily basis to make a living and earn money, and only this village As a dormitory village, it is used by residents and natives.
 
Conclusion
The results show that the concept of spatial identity is the result of a set of indicators of comfort and mental image, emotional belonging and environmental fit, social connection and dependence, commitment and spatial connection, connection and spatial belonging, participation and solidarity, spatial and psychological security, interaction. . From the point of view of the rural respondents, the results of the t-test showed that among the indicators of spatial identity, the index of self-efficacy and continuity, respectively, with the means of (-3.014) and (-5.116) as the most important indicators of the development of spatial identity in The villages have been studied.
 
Funding
According to the responsible author, this article has no financial support
Authors’ Contribution
Authors contributed equally to the conceptualization and writing of the article. All of the authors approved thecontent of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work declaration of competing interest none.
 
Conflict of Interest
Authors declared no conflict of interest.
 
Acknowledgments
The current paper is extracted from the doctoral dissertation of the Second author (Seyyedeh Parvin Hosieni) in the Department of Geography, Faculty of Literature & Human Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran..