Introduction
In many cities of developing countries, including the new city of Pardis, urban development patterns and space allocation are not carried out equitably. The newly developed peripheral areas of this city, characterized by low-quality housing and low-quality public services are separated from more affluent and developed regions. This unbalanced spatial structure exacerbates social inequalities and marginalizes low-income groups. Additionally, the poor quality of housing and the inefficiency of facilities in these areas diminish the social capital of residents. An unsuitable physical environment can lead to social issues and harms such as delinquency and addiction. The geographical location of low-income neighborhoods around cities limits their access to job, educational, and service opportunities in the center of Pardis. This spatial deprivation intensifies social discrimination and creates a cycle of poverty and marginalization. Therefore, to address the challenge of providing housing for low-income groups in the new city of Pardis, attention must be paid to the limited spatial-social structure under study, and integrated and coordinated approaches to urban development should be adopted.
Methodology
In this study, a descriptive-analytical approach has been employed. The required data were collected through library research and reference sources, with a questionnaire designed for paired comparisons serving as the data collection tool. The purpose of this questionnaire was to identify the influential and affected indicators on resident satisfaction in Pardis. In the data analysis process, the fuzzy DEMATEL technique was utilized in two phases: determining the weights and prioritizing the indicators. The research statistical population includes experts, specialists, and university professors in the relevant field. A total of 50 participants were randomly selected, consisting of 34 males and 16 females. Table 1 presents the number of criteria (5) and the number of indicators (58), which were gathered from various theoretical sources.
Results and discussion
According to the results obtained from the fuzzy DEMATEL analysis, environmental silence and tranquility, air quality and the quality of waste management and garbage collection are identified as key indicators influencing resident satisfaction. On the other hand, the adherence to environmental regulations, access to sanitation services, and the level of awareness and participation of residents in environmental matters are recognized as indicators affected by resident satisfaction in the neighborhoods of Pardis. Based on the research findings, the indicators related to the tranquility and well-being of citizens, social and individual security, and social interactions are identified as causal factors. Additionally, factors such as the diversity and multiplicity of cultural activities, sense of responsibility, and population density are considered affected indicators. From an economic perspective, the most significant influencing indicators include economic stability, household income, household savings, and employment rates in Pardis. Conversely, indicators such as loan facilities and housing loan subsidies, access to local markets, and property value - given their negative scores - are classified as affected factors. From the view point of physical and spatial dimension, the results indicate that the quality of public transportation, the quality of streets and sidewalks, and the mixing of land-uses are among the most affected indicators. In terms of impact, safety and security of buildings, quality of street lighting, and urban landscape are also noteworthy. From the management perspective, the most influential indicators include the level of participation of citizen in urban decision-making processes, municipal programs for developing and improving local infrastructure, and satisfaction with the provision of amenities and services in residential areas by institutions. The most affected indicators in management are the level of satisfaction regarding safety and security in residential neighborhoods, urban management programs related to the environmental and green spaces, and the quality of smart management systems.
Conclusion
One of the most important factors in improving and enhancing the quality of life and sustainable urban development is the resident satisfaction with their living environment. In peri-urban areas like Pardis, because of increasing population, rapid construction expansion, and urban growth in various dimensions, there is an increasing need to examine the factors influencing residential satisfaction. Residential satisfaction is closely depended on residents’ overall perception of their quality of life in that environment. The spatial-social structure refers to how urban spaces are organized and arranged and how this organization affects social relationships among residents. Ignoring these factors can lead to dissatisfaction; reduce social cohesion and efficiency, and the emergence of problems such as increasing crime and diminishing the quality of life. Therefore, identifying the factors affecting resident satisfaction and analyzing the impacts of the spatial-social structure on this satisfaction is a critical and necessary issue that requires serious examination across different dimensions. Given the complexities associated with the spatial-social structure and the need for understanding the impact of such factors, identifying and analyzing the relationships between them in Pardis seems to be essential. This article investigates the level of residential satisfaction in peri-urban settlements, emphasizing the spatial-social structure of Pardis. In this study, five main criteria and 58 indicators were utilized, and fuzzy DEMATEL analysis was employed for data analysis. The results from the fuzzy DEMATEL analysis indicate that indicators such as environmental silence and tranquility, citizen well-being, economic stability, quality of public transportation, and citizen participation in urban decision-making processes have been identified as the key factors with a direct impact on resident satisfaction. Additionally, based on the fuzzy DEMATEL findings, indicators such as adherence to environmental regulations, diversity and multiplicity of cultural activities, loans and housing loan subsidies, safety and security of buildings, and satisfaction regarding safety and security in residential neighborhoods have been recognized as the most affected factors. These indicators are influenced by causal and impactful factors, playing a significant role in resident satisfaction and the spatial-social structure of Pardis.
Funding
According to the author, this article has no financial support.
 
Authors’ Contribution
Authors contributed equally to the conceptualization and writing of the article. All of the authors approved thecontent of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work declaration of competing interest none.
 
Conflict of Interest
Authors declared no conflict of interest.
 
Acknowledgments
The authors are sincerely grateful to the participants who took part in the study.