Extended Abstract
Introduction
In discussions concerning the Quality of Life (QoL), mere existence is insufficient; the quality of that existence is paramount. Given the critical role of peri-urban areas in national production, growth, and development, the necessity of ensuring the satisfaction of residents in these areas and enhancing the quality of life in peri-urban settlements is undeniable. The villages of Lavasanat are no exception to this rule. These peri-urban villages face numerous problems, including inadequate access to educational, health, welfare, and infrastructural services, land speculation, agricultural land-use conversion, and economic issues such as employment, as well as the spread of social and cultural anomalies due to the influence of the central city. Accordingly, the present research seeks to answer the following questions: To what extent is the Quality of Life in the small villages of Lavasanat in an objective sense? And is there a significant difference between the studied villages in terms of QoL components?

Methodology
The research methodology employed is descriptive-analytical. Information gathering for the studied villages was based on four domains of Quality of Life and fifteen components, which include both objective and subjective indicators. To select the sample size, in the first step, the studied villages were classified into 4 groups based on household size: 10-100, 100-200, 200-300, and over 300 households. In the second step, 15% of the villages were selected based on the advice of the professors. In the third step, the number of villages in each class was determined based on the frequency of villages in each population stratum, resulting in the selection of a total of 13 villages as the sample. Using Cochran’s formula, a sample size of 190 households was determined for the research. Questionnaires were distributed across the studied villages, with the sample size for each village being proportional to its total number of households, and subsequently completed by the respondents.
Results and discussion
o measure the objective dimension of the housing component, four indicators were used: housing amenities, housing age, housing area, and number of rooms. For housing amenities, for instance, residences with all facilities were assigned a score of 5, those with two facilities a score of 3, and those with only one facility a score of 1. The findings indicate that the highest level of fulfillment in objective QoL indicators was observed in the villages of Mazra’e Sadat, Hanzak, and Afjeh, while the lowest levels were recorded in Kiyur, Kardian, and Nasserabad. To assess the QoL domain related to welfare needs, three components were utilized: leisure time, participation, and education. To measure recreation and travel leisure, two indicators were used: number of annual trips and access to sports facilities. Households making three trips per year scored 5, two trips scored 4, one trip scored 2, and zero trips scored 1. Based on the findings, residents of (Afjeh, Kand-e Olya, Rahat Abad, Barg-e Jahan, Mazra’e Sadat, Hanzak) reported an average of one trip per year, while residents of other villages stated they had no trips on average throughout the year. To examine the infrastructure services domain, four components were used: road type, access to public transportation, number of public transport vehicles in the village, and access to the post office. Overall, in terms of objective indicators, the studied villages are not in a favorable condition. The best status in this regard belongs to the villages of Afjeh, Kand-e Olya, and Hanzak, while other villages possess an unfavorable status with an average score of (2).

Conclusion
This research attempted to adopt a combined geographical perspective by considering 4 main domains. Ultimately, based on the conceptual literature, a combination of objective and subjective indicators was taken into account. The analysis of objective QoL indicators reveals that the overall objective housing condition in the studied villages is relatively favorable. Nutrition and protein intake, which was one of the objective components measured, showed that the sample population emphasized a sharp decrease in their protein consumption due to rising living costs. Regarding housing status, the studied villages generally possess favorable conditions, as the majority of residents were satisfied with the structural integrity, amenities, and area of their housing. However, in terms of health and sanitation, the studied villages are not in a suitable condition, although they are in a favorable state regarding security. The household income status shows that the overall average household income is low relative to expenses. Furthermore, concerning the components of leisure/recreation and participation, the results indicate that their status is unfavorable, yet their condition regarding the education component is relatively suitable. Crucially, the subjective dimension of QoL domains in the studied villages presents a completely different situation compared to the objective dimension. The satisfaction of residents of the studied villages with the QoL domains from a subjective perspective is low. This implies that despite the objective conditions of the QoL domains being somewhat adequate in the studied villages, the level of subjective satisfaction remains low .

Funding
According to the responsible author, this article has no financial support

Authors’ Contribution
Authors contributed equally to the conceptualization and writing of the article. All of the authors approved thecontent of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work declaration of competing interest none.

Conflict of Interest
Authors declared no conflict of interest.

Acknowledgments
We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper.